Hypersphere cosmology: Supernova Ia distance validation

WHY THE FOURTH DIMENSION OF SPACE

KEY ASPECTS AND HUBBLE'S LAW

STAR DISTANCE VALIDATION

THE 4-SPHERE METRIC TENSOR

ON EINSTEIN'S CONSTANT Λ

OTHER ASPECTS OF 4-SPHERE

THIS SPECULATION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

EPISTEMOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

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4-SPHERE FEATURE AND SPECULATION

Project history

The 4-Sphere model for an Alternative Metric in Cosmology

Proposing a different calculation for the Galactic Recession, we intend to show the opportunity to modify the Standard Cosmological Model ΛCDM choosing a new metric, other than FLRW.
Everything is described in 4-SPHERE FEATURE AND SPECULATION, an essay that explores the opportunity to build an alternative cosmological model: The 4-Sphere Model.

License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License

Star distance validation from data of a high-redshift supernova Ia

4-Sphere is an alternative Cosmological model to the standard one, proposing a different calculation for the Galactic Recession. The context is that of Special Relativity (SR) where we consider the Doppler effect due to the recession. By predicting measurements for star distances and Time dilations, it therefore can be falsified through observations.

About this we successfully carried out a test on the Time Dilation and one on the Luminosity distance. We started from the data of the Supernova SN 1995K at z = 0.479, and recalculated the Distance Modulus μ, but without using the K Correction of FLRW, in my opinion wrong. As you can see in App. 3 [*], from SN 1995K photometric data and comparison stars, it should not increase μ. The results obtained from those verification of this Star distance (d_L = 1,300 Mpc) and this Time dilation (Lorentz factor γ = 1.078 which makes SN 1995K to SN 1990N similar) are reported in:

What is written about the Apparent magnitude in App. 1 [*].
What about the Time dilation in App. 2 [*].
What about the resulting supernova distance in App. 3 [*].

FLRW for a Flat Universe with z = 0.479 and H₀ = 74 km ^-1Mpc^-1 foresees a Luminosity distance d_L = 2,557 Mpc.

The theme here is the "vicious circle". I think it is legit to conclude that the expression for Apparent magnitude resulting from SR has a different logical weight from that obtained on the basis of the assumptions of a model, even if this comes from FLRW.

In fact, our calculation can verify a model, (the validity of SR in nature is not in question) while, in order not to incur a tautology, calculations based on hypotheses can only falsify the same model that produced them (or serve to calculate its parameters).

[*] – These topics are described in 4-SPHERE FEATURE AND SPECULATION.